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Endovascular Aortic Repair Improves One-year Survival In Octogenarians
Mitri K. Khoury, MD, Christopher A. Heid, MD, Jacqueline Babb, MD, Bala Ramanan, MD, Shirling Tsai, MD, Melissa L. Kirkwood, MD, Carlos H. Timaran, MD, John G. Modrall, MD.
University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA.

Introduction: Treatment decisions for octogenarians with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are challenging. With advancing age, the risk of endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) increases while life expectancy decreases, which may nullify the benefit of EVAR. It is unknown whether offering repair to those of advanced aged improves overall mortality. The purpose of this study was to quantify the impact of EVAR on one-year mortality in octogenarians.
Methods: The 2003-2020 Vascular Quality Initiative Database was utilized to identify patients that underwent EVAR for AAAs who were greater than 79 years of age. Predicted one-year mortality of untreated AAAs was calculated by adding the one-year mortality based on a validated comorbidity score that predicts one-year mortality (Gagne Index) plus the one-year aneurysm-related mortality without repair (one-year aortic rupture risk based on aneurysm diameter x 0.85). The primary outcome for the study was one-year mortality.
Results: A total of 11,829 patients met study criteria. The median age was 84 years [IQR 81-86 years] with 9,014 (76.2%) being male. The predicted one-year mortality rate without EVAR was 13.1%, which was significantly higher than the actual one-year mortality rate with EVAR (10.6%) (p<.001). Patients with a Gagne Index 0-4 had significantly lower actual one-year mortality rates with EVAR compared to the predicted one-year mortality rates without repair (Table 1). There were no differences in actual versus predicted mortality rates in patients with a Gagne Index 5-8 (Table 1). Patients with an aneurysm diameter <5.5cm had no differences in predicted one-year mortality rate without EVAR compared to the actual one-year mortality rate with repair; however, differences were seen for those with larger aneurysms (Table 1).
Conclusion: EVAR decreases one-year mortality rates for octogenarians compared to non-operative management. No significant benefit of EVAR was observed for patients with a Gagne Index >5 and AAA size <5.5cm, so preference should be given to octogenarians with lower Gagne Indexes and larger AAAs.
Table 1. Predicted one-year mortality rate without EVAR versus actual one-year mortality rates with EVAR stratified by Gagne Index and aortic diameter.

VariableNPredictedActualP-Value
Gagne Index
0216110.20%6.00%<.001
1325812.50%8.40%<.001
2198715.30%11.10%<.001
393719.70%16.20%.019
457523.50%21.00%.006
520428.50%21.60%.137
66832.80%29.40%.853
71538.90%53.30%.715
8748.20%28.60%1.0
Diameter
<5.5cm35297.70%8.50%.256
5.5-5.9cm261515.00%9.40%<.001
6.0-6.9cm196416.20%12.00%<.001
>7.0cm101335.30%18.80%<.001


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