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Gender Differences In Risk Of Adverse Outcomes And Complications Associated With Peripheral Artery Disease: A Systematic Review
Kimball Sheehan, Darrah Sheehan, Quang Le, George Mantziaris, Megan Tracci.
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Objectives: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients suffer substantial morbidity with their disease andhave a highly elevated risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. The current study entails asystematic review and analysis of the differences in risk outcomes in female vs. male patients undergoingtreatment for PAD. Disease outcomes are often studied in clinical trials which may not represent femalepatients equally. We hypothesize female and male patients with PAD are equally at risk for significantdisease endpoints.
Methods: The systematic review was conducted with guidance from the librarians atthe U.Va.’s Health and Sciences Library. Disease endpoints analyzed were amputation, all-causemortality, myocardial infarction (MI), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and major adverselimb events (MALE).
Results: Seven studies were analyzed for female vs. male on amputation andall-cause mortality. The overall odds ratio (OR) for amputation was 1.04 (95% CI [0.78, 1.38]), and theOR for all-cause mortality was 1.11 (95% CI [0.87, 1.42]). Six studies were analyzed for MI; the OR was0.94 (95% CI [0.81, 1.08]). Five studies were analyzed for MACE; the OR was 1.11 (95% CI [0.85,1.44]). Three studies were analyzed for MALE; the OR was 1.07 (95% CI [0.77, 1.49]). Female and malepatients are equally at risk for these significant PAD endpoints.
Conclusions: Our study serves to updateand expand upon mortality and adverse outcome predictors for PAD patients. This study emphasizes theimportance of female representation in clinical trials relating to PAD given the similar adverse outcomesfor female and male patients with PAD.
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